The government will continue using public investment as one of the largest drivers of economic growth this year.
Last week, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh signed Directive No.05/CT-TTg on solutions to encourage economic growth and accelerate public investment spending, to help ensure the country’s meets its economic growth target of 8 per cent or more in 2025.
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Localities roll up sleeves to spur investment progress |
“A prime focus must be placed on effectively implementing the resolutions and conclusions of the Party Central Committee, Politburo, National Assembly, and government, while effectively encouraging new mechanisms and regulations to immediately unleash resources,” the directive said.
One of the prime solutions to achieving the growth goal is to “boost public investment disbursement which will lead, activate, and attract all social resources”.
Authorities at all levels have been ordered to boost disbursement of public investment capital, striving for a disbursement rate in 2025 to reach at least 95 per cent of the plan assigned.
The government last week requested that all efforts be made to complete at least 3,000km of expressways and over 1,000km of coastal roads at the end of 2025.
In 2025, construction must be completed for the $16 billion Long Thanh International Airport in the southern province of Dong Nai; and for ports in the Lach Huyen area in the northern port city of Haiphong.
Also, Terminal 3 at the Tan Son Nhat International Airport and Terminal 2 of the Noi Bai International must be put into operation, while construction of the Lien Chieu port in the central city of Danang must be started, and investment procedures for constructing the Can Gio international seaport in Ho Chi Minh City must be completed.
“Discipline and order in public investment disbursement must be strengthened, with sanctions applied strictly according to the law to organisations and individuals who deliberately cause difficulties, obstruct, and slow down the progress of capital allocation, implementation and disbursement of public investment,” Directive 05 read.
This year, the government will also push forward construction progress of many other infrastructure works, such as the North-South Expressway component projects in the east; Hanoi’s Ring Road 4; Ho Chi Minh City’s Ring Road 3, and various expressways and regional ports.
Furthermore, construction must be seen for a metro line or railway from the Long Thanh airport to the Tan Son Nhat airport; and an elevated railway line from Van Cao street to Lang Hoa Lac area in Hanoi.
Directive 05 is one of several documents released by the prime minister and government since early this year on speeding up public investment disbursement.
Growth driver
Total public investment for 2025 has been assigned by the National Assembly (NA) to be $36 billion, which is $3.37 billion higher than the initial plan. If this is disbursed effectively, it will help the economy hit its desired growth this year.
“Public investment as a fiscal stimulus measure should be prioritised because Vietnam still has fiscal room,” said Nguyen Ba Hung, principal country economist from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in Vietnam. “Accelerating public investment disbursement can create more jobs and incomes, and help engage private investments. This would accordingly help domestic businesses to increase investment and consumption.”
The former Ministry of Planning and Investment calculated by that a rise of 1 per cent in public investment disbursement corresponds to a 0.058 per cent increase in GDP growth. Moreover, every $1 of disbursed public investment capital stimulates $1.61 of investment capital from the non-state sector.
The Ministry of Finance (MoF) has been tasked by the government to urgently complete a plan to allocate sources of increased central budget revenue in 2024, and complete a plan on issuing government bonds to supplement resources for key projects in Q1 of 2025.
The MoF reported to the government that as of February 28, the public investment disbursement is estimated to have reached about $2.42 billion or 7.23 per cent of the plan assigned by the prime minister – still lower than 7.32 per cent in the same period last year.
Up to 27 ministries and central agencies had yet to disburse, and 26 ministries and localities achieved a rate of below 5 per cent.
As of late February, over $3.1 billion failed to be allocated in details, accounting for 9.42 per cent of the plan assigned by the prime minister.
According to a recent study by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), weak coordination between public investment and budget processes has resulted in slow and insufficient budget allocation. In recent years, it has been reported that central agencies received higher allocations than what they can initiate, while provinces received too little to meet their needs.
“The pressing challenge of the mismatch between allocated budgets and investment mandates often leads to inefficiencies and delays in implementation – funds may not be optimally directed towards identified priority areas, resulting in suboptimal resource utilisation,” the ADB said. “This limits progress and capital utilisation efficiency.”
Activity acceleration
On February 18, PM Chinh required authorities at all levels to urgently allocate in detail the entire state budget investment plan for 2025 in Q1 in accordance with regulations.
“If the budget fails to be completed by the end of Q1, the government will withdraw it to allocate to other projects that need capital to complete,” his telegram said.
The MoF also said that after March 31, it will report to the competent authority to reduce the state budget from weak performers, and transfer to ministries, central agencies, and localities that need to supplement the 2025 capital plan to arrange for important, urgent projects, strategic infrastructure projects with the ability to disburse.
Together with capital allocation, solutions to encourage disbursement were also highlighted by some localities.
“This year, Hanoi strives to disburse VND87 trillion ($3.48 billion) of planned capital, focusing on large transport infrastructure projects such as bridges and urban railways. Hanoi will also continue to review about 200 slow-paced projects,” said Tran Sy Thanh, Chairman of Hanoi People’s Committee, at a meeting between the government and localities’ leaders nearly two weeks ago.
Meanwhile, the northern city of Haiphong is also rolling up its sleeves to speed up the disbursement of public investment capital, including accelerating the implementation of the Lao Cai to Haiphong railway, which will pass through Hanoi. “Haiphong commits to contributing VND11 trillion ($440 million) to implement this initiative,” said Nguyen Van Tung, Chairman of Haiphong People’s Committee.
On February 19, the NA adopted a resolution on the investment policy of constructing this initiative, worth an initial $8.37 billion. The capital volume will be $6.23 billion for the 2026-2030, and $1.56 billion for 2031-2035. The investment capital will be nearly $16 million per km.
Meanwhile, Vo Tan Duc, Chairman of Dong Nai People’s Committee, said that the province’s public investment in 2025 is VND15.77 trillion ($630.8 million).
“We are making efforts in disbursement already, striving to disburse 95 per cent of the sum this year. We will prioritise the implementation of key projects, using public investment to pull in private funding,” Duc said at the meeting, referring to many key projects that Dong Nai has been trying to accelerate, such as the Long Thanh International Airport and Phuoc An port.
The ADB assessed that the government has implemented various policy measures to expedite public investment disbursement and enhance effective execution. These measures include many resolutions and directives focusing on different aspects of public investment disbursement.
Nguyen Van Thang, Minister of Finance
The government has boosted institutional reform, enhanced the investment and business environment; handled obstacles, and accelerated key infrastructure projects as well as new growth drivers.
In addition to these results, there have also been some difficulties. Growth momentum has not had a clear breakthrough. Competition pressure has increased in both export and domestic markets. The economy’s ability to absorb capital is still weak, while institutions and laws are still considerable bottlenecks.
Therefore, the Ministry of Finance has proposed some key activities. Regarding the management of fiscal and monetary policies to support growth, the ministry will submit the policies on exemption, reduction and extension of taxes, fees, and land rents before March 15.
It will also complete the plan to issue government bonds to supplement investment resources for key infrastructure projects in the first quarter; synthesise and monitor the public investment disbursement scenarios of each ministry, sector, and locality every quarter; remove obstacles for key projects; and submit the handling mechanism for authorities with slow disbursement.
The State Bank of Vietnam must resolutely implement solutions to reduce the lending interest rate, direct credit institutions to consider cutting down procedures and lending conditions, accelerate credit capital for projects and sectors that are driving forces of growth, and build credit packages for people under 35 years old to buy homes.
Other solutions involve developing the domestic market and stimulating tourism. The Ministry of Industry and Trade has to accelerate trade promotion, support businesses to effectively exploit free trade agreements, and speed up negotiations and sign new ones. It must take appropriate trade defence solutions, provide information, and support businesses in anti-dumping lawsuits.
Meanwhile, a duty-free port is being considered and built to enable Vietnam to become a major logistics centre and encourage the distribution of goods via digital platforms.
Additionally, it is necessary to call for private investment and foreign investment, encourage new growth drivers, and stabilise the macroeconomy as well as the major balances of the economy. |