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A comparative investment guide to Singapore and Malta

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Giacomo Merello, executive director, and Federico Vasoli, founding and managing partner, at international legal and tax advisory firm dMTV Global, look into comparative advantages businesses and investors can reap when doing business in Singapore and Malta.

Singapore and Malta, despite their geographical separation and distinct economic paths, share a fascinating historical connection. Both nations’ legacies of British administration have significantly influenced their modern legal, financial, and political systems.

A comparative investment guide to Singapore and Malta
Giacomo Merello (left) and Federico Vasoli

This shared past has imbued them with strong institutional frameworks, business-friendly regulations, and English as an official language, making them particularly attractive to international investors.

Singapore, once a critical maritime hub in the British Empire, rapidly transformed post-independence into a global financial powerhouse, leveraging its strategic location and disciplined governance to become Asia’s premier business destination.

Malta, on the other hand, has played a strategic role in European history for centuries, positioned at the crossroads of major Mediterranean trade routes. Its accession to the European Union in 2004 further solidified its role as a financial and corporate hub, offering businesses seamless access to the EU market.

Despite their colonial roots, the two nations have taken distinct approaches to economic development.

Singapore has become synonymous with cutting-edge technology, world-class infrastructure, and financial services, while Malta has capitalised on its EU membership to foster industries like gaming, maritime trade, tourism, yachting, and investment migration.

Yet, they remain alike in their ability to entice foreign investors seeking strategic advantages in either the Asian or European markets.

The business and investment landscape

Entrepreneurs looking for a jurisdiction to establish or expand their businesses will find both Singapore and Malta to be uniquely compelling.

Singapore, with its pro-business climate, is renowned for its swift company incorporation process, modern banking system, and an ecosystem that fosters innovation.

A business can be incorporated in a matter of days, and foreign ownership is fully permitted. The regulatory environment is transparent, and government agencies actively support new ventures, making it a magnet for multinational corporations and high-growth startups.

Malta, while smaller in scale, provides a similarly attractive business landscape, particularly for those seeking a European base of operations.

A comparative investment guide to Singapore and Malta
A glimpse of Malta. Photo: Federico Vasoli

Companies registered in Malta benefit from its membership in the EU, allowing seamless access to the Single Market. The country has also emerged as a top jurisdiction for fintech, online gambling, yacht and aircraft leasing, and asset management businesses, thanks to its business-friendly regulations and competitive incentives.

For investors evaluating where to set up, the decision often depends on whether they are targeting Asian or European markets.

Singapore is the undisputed gateway to Asia, boasting strong ties with China, India, and ASEAN economies. Malta, with its deep integration into the EU and geographical proximity to Africa, offers businesses the ability to operate within one of the largest economic blocs in the world as well as one of the most promising ones.

Tax advantages and fiscal policies

One of the strongest incentives for choosing either Singapore or Malta as a business jurisdiction lies in their respective tax systems, both designed to attract international investors and enterprises.

Singapore has a flat corporate tax rate of 17 per cent, with numerous exemptions and incentives available that can significantly lower effective tax rates.

Furthermore, there is no capital gains tax, and dividends are tax-free, making it an attractive option for companies and individuals alike. The city-state also boasts an extensive network of double taxation treaties with over 80 countries, ensuring tax efficiency for international businesses.

A comparative investment guide to Singapore and Malta
A glimpse of Malta. Photo: Federico Vasoli

Malta, on the other hand, offers one of the most competitive tax systems in Europe. While its standard corporate tax rate stands at 35 per cent, foreign-owned businesses often benefit from an effective tax rate as low as 5 per cent through the country’s full imputation system.

Additionally, Malta imposes no withholding taxes on dividends, interest, or royalties paid to non-residents, which makes it an attractive holding company jurisdiction.

The island nation also offers VAT exemptions for certain industries, further reducing operational costs for businesses engaged in global trade.

Both jurisdictions apply the principle of taxation of locally sourced or remitted income only. In Malta, this is particularly true for companies with non-domiciled shareholders, which is different from the at least theoretical worldwide taxation approach of most of its neighbours.

Residency and lifestyle benefits

For those considering not just business opportunities but also personal relocation, Singapore and Malta provide attractive residency options that cater to high-net-worth individuals and professionals.

Singapore’s Global Investor Programme (GIP) allows entrepreneurs to obtain permanent residency by investing at least S$2.5 million ($1.87 million) in a local business or an approved investment fund.

This scheme is particularly appealing to individuals seeking stability, security, and access to one of the world’s most advanced economies.

There are other very effective ways to obtain residency and, eventually, citizenship that can be fully explored in a holistic way.

The city-state’s quality of life is unparalleled, with world-class healthcare, excellent international schools, and a safe, cosmopolitan environment.

Malta, in contrast, offers residency and citizenship initiatives that appeal to those looking for greater global mobility. The Malta Permanent Residence Programme (MPRP) provides a pathway to permanent residency through a combination of real estate investment and financial contributions.

For those seeking an EU passport, the Maltese Citizenship by Naturalisation for Exceptional Services by Direct Investment offers a fast-track route to citizenship, granting the right to live, work, and travel freely within the European Union.

Other interesting options, like the ‘self-sufficient’ type of residency, may be open depending on the current citizenship of the applicant and other considerations. Given its Mediterranean climate, rich cultural heritage, and vibrant social scene, Malta has become an increasingly popular destination for expatriates and entrepreneurs alike.

The expertise of dMTV Global

Navigating the complexities of setting up a business or securing residency in a foreign country requires expert guidance. This is where dMTV Europe, led by its founder, lawyer Federico Vasoli, in Malta, comes into play, with specific expertise in international contracts, residency, and relocation services; Federico, a dedicated professional that is serving a term as vice-president of Italian Chamber of Commerce in Vietnam, also acts as the first point of contact for high-profile Vietnamese personalities in need of a broader scope of assistance.

At the same time dMTV Global, in Singapore, provides assistance on most local major regulatory, residential and international legal needs through its director, Giacomo Merello, a lawyer and locally licensed filing agent. The latter, in his role as Lord of Leslie in the Baronage of Scotland, also assists qualified individuals in dynastic and nobiliary matters both in Singapore and in Malta.

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HoREA Proposes Allowing Businesses to Build Worker Housing Inside Industrial Parks

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The Ho Chi Minh City Real Estate Association (HoREA) has proposed a pilot mechanism that would allow businesses to invest in and construct worker housing within industrial parks.

In a document submitted to the Prime Minister, contributing feedback on a draft pilot policy aimed at boosting social housing development, HoREA suggested that businesses, cooperatives, and cooperative unions operating within industrial parks be permitted to build accommodation for their workers. It also called for allowing companies to rent housing outside industrial parks for the same purpose.

HoREA emphasized that all costs related to building or renting worker housing should be recognized as legitimate business expenses and be included in the enterprise’s operating costs.

The association further recommended expanding the policy framework to allow companies within industrial parks to lease social housing or worker accommodation built by third-party developers outside the park premises.

According to Mr. Lê Hoàng Châu, Chairman of HoREA, the current Housing Law (2023) only allows companies to rent worker housing inside industrial parks, without clearly defining whether they can rent social housing outside the parks or construct such housing themselves.

With worker housing demand at industrial parks far exceeding supply, HoREA pointed out that current social housing and dormitory offerings are inadequate. Meanwhile, commercial housing remains out of reach for most workers due to high prices. Therefore, the association urges the government to introduce policies enabling manufacturing businesses—despite not operating in real estate—to develop their own accommodation solutions for employees.

HoREA underscored that such policies would create a strong legal foundation, empowering enterprises and cooperatives to proactively resolve housing issues for workers. If allowed to construct their own housing, companies could ensure homes go to those in need, boosting employee retention, improving living standards, and supporting sustainable growth in industrial zones.

The association also proposed financial support mechanisms, including tax incentives, access to preferential loans, or government-matching support, to reduce the financial burden on companies participating in worker housing development.

Previously, many businesses had expressed a desire to buy land, build housing, and offer installment-based homeownership plans to workers, whereby employees would pay monthly through salary deductions. While this model helps workers secure long-term housing, legal procedures remain a major hurdle.

Providing accommodation has increasingly become part of corporate strategies to retain labor, alongside other employee welfare policies. For example, Nissei Electric Vietnam (Linh Trung 1 Export Processing Zone, Thu Duc City) has built a dormitory complex with 285 shared rooms, housing up to 2,280 workers. Eternal Prowess Vietnam (District 12) and Thien Phat Company (Linh Trung 2 EPZ) have also invested in on-site worker housing. Thien Phat’s project includes 368 units (35m² each), rented at VND 2.2 million/month, with 80% of the units for families and 20% for shared accommodations.

As of Q2 2024, Ho Chi Minh City has 18 industrial parks with around 1,700 businesses employing approximately 320,000 workers. Citywide, over 1.3 million people are employed in factories. However, there are only 16 official worker housing complexes, accommodating about 22,000 people. The majority of workers rely on rented rooms or stay with acquaintances—often sharing 12m² rooms among 2–3 people, which consumes 15–20% of their monthly income.

From 2021 to the present, Ho Chi Minh City has completed six social housing projects with 2,700 units and is building four more with 3,000 units. By April 30, the city aims to resolve legal hurdles and break ground on 5–6 additional social housing projects, totaling around 8,000 units.

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Billionaire Trần Bá Dương’s VND 2,000 Billion, 200-Hectare Industrial Park in Thái Bình Could Begin Operations This Year

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The Thaco – Thái Bình Industrial Park, covering more than 194 hectares with an investment of over VND 2,100 billion, is expected to become operational within this year, according to the development plan.

Recently, provincial leaders of Thái Bình conducted an on-site inspection of land clearance efforts and infrastructure construction progress at the Thaco – Thái Bình Industrial Park located in Quỳnh Phụ District.

To date, Quỳnh Phụ District has completed compensation and land clearance for nearly 192 hectares of agricultural land, involving the land recovery of 1,067 households to hand over to the investor for project implementation.

Currently, the district is focusing on clearing the remaining land, involving 94 households in Lương Cầu Hamlet, An Cầu Commune. At the same time, it is coordinating with the electricity sector to relocate a 220kV high-voltage power line.

On the investor’s side, groundwork construction is underway, including roadbeds, internal roads, stormwater and wastewater drainage systems, and communication infrastructure within the industrial park.

The Thaco – Thái Bình Industrial Park is a specialized high-tech agricultural industrial park proposed by THACO Group (chaired by billionaire Trần Bá Dương) since 2017, originally planned to cover 250 hectares. By July 2017, the provincial authorities agreed to incorporate the project into Thái Bình’s industrial development master plan.

In August 2020, THACO officially broke ground on the industrial park’s infrastructure. A year later, in August 2021, the project’s investment certificate was revised, confirming a total investment of over VND 2,100 billion and a land area of more than 194 hectares. The project is being developed across An Thái, An Ninh, and An Cầu communes in Quỳnh Phụ District.

According to the roadmap, the investor is determined to complete and officially launch the project in 2025.

The Thaco – Thái Bình Industrial Park is designed as a dedicated high-tech agricultural zone, featuring various functional subdivisions including an administration center, agro-food processing zone, high-tech agricultural training center, experimental farms, agricultural materials production area, and a cargo transport port.

This project is considered one of the key developments in Thái Bình Province, playing a crucial role in the region’s socio-economic growth strategy.

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High-tech workforce creation must become front and centre

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Vietnam’s semiconductor industry has immense potential, driven by strategic advantages and a growing market. However, addressing gaps in workforce development, training infrastructure, and industry collaboration is crucial.

According to Statista Market Insights, the Vietnamese semiconductor market is forecast to see healthy growth with a compound annual growth rate of 9.62 per cent between 2024 and 2027, reaching a market volume of $26.20 billion.

Le Quan, Senior lecturer Faculty of Engineering Fulbright University Vietnam
Le Quan, Senior lecturer Faculty of Engineering Fulbright University Vietnam

Vietnam also boasts over 30 foreign-led companies in integrated circuit (IC) design, including established players like Renesas, Synopsys, and Cadence alongside innovative startups like Ampere, ADTechnology, Inphi, FingerVina, Dolphin Technology. The sector also encompasses numerous smaller firms with around 100 or fewer employees.

By 2040, Vietnam is poised to become a crucial player in the global semiconductor ecosystem, encompassing all aspects of the industry, from design and manufacturing to assembly, test, and packaging (ATP) and equipment fabrication.

The strategy emphasises the importance of fostering a skilled workforce. Vietnam boasts a strong talent pool in the semiconductor industry, with 50,000 design engineers, 200,000 electronics engineers, 500,000 technical workers, and one million software engineers. To further enhance this workforce, the strategy aims to transition up to 30,000 personnel from the existing pool of 350,000 IT and telecommunications engineers.

The global semiconductor packaging landscape is undergoing a rapid transformation, driven by a surge in new facilities across Asia. The wave of semiconductor investment in Vietnam and the industry’s demand for personnel have driven educational institutions, from top universities to vocational colleges, to launch training programmes related to semiconductors.

Last year, major universities such as Hanoi University of Science and Technology, University of IT – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh, and the University of Engineering and Technology announced engineering programmes specialising in semiconductors. Younger universities like FPT and Phenikaa are also making significant investments in this area, not only in training initiatives but also in facilities and equipment.

However, to truly understand the current landscape of semiconductor training in Vietnam, it is essential to look at the regulations and current state of training schemes in this field from 2024 backward.

Firstly, the high costs associated with establishing chip fabrication facilities make it an impractical investment for Vietnam. The country’s resources would be better allocated towards sectors that promise more immediate returns, such as ATP and IC design. Advanced packaging technologies represent a feasible and profitable entry point in the global semiconductor value chain, aligning with Vietnam’s strengths in low-cost, adaptable labour.

Vietnam should focus on drawing overseas funding into ATP operations, leveraging its lower labour costs to attract foreign companies. The availability of a high-quality but affordable workforce makes Vietnam an attractive destination for packaging, testing, and assembly processes. Prioritising such investment with advanced packaging capabilities will allow Vietnam to build a competitive advantage in this sector.

Meanwhile, the IC design segment represents a high-value opportunity with significant global demand. To capitalise on this, Vietnam should proactively seek partnerships and outsourced projects from international IC design firms. Engaging Vietnamese firms in IC design outsourcing allows for skill transfer, builds local capacity, and positions Vietnam as a reliable partner in the global semiconductor value chain.

Collaboration between industry, educators, and government should be boosted. Building a cohesive semiconductor workforce will require closer partnerships between educational institutions, industry players, and the government.

By integrating real-world projects into academic programmes, Vietnamese graduates will better understand the industry’s practical requirements and be more prepared to transition directly into the workforce. Schemes that bring industry projects to academia will provide students with hands-on experience, making them job-ready upon graduation.

At the same time, establishing specialised training for semiconductor roles, particularly in ATP and IC design, will be essential to reduce the industry’s current reliance on costly in-house training. This should involve upskilling engineers from related fields through short, intensive courses designed to meet industry standards.

Partnerships with international organisations for curriculum development, as well as accreditation for training initiatives, will help elevate Vietnam’s semiconductor workforce to global standards.

Vietnam can also implement “train-the-trainer” programmes. Its academic institutions face a shortage of faculty members with practical experience in semiconductor technologies. By leveraging international partnerships, Vietnam can upskill its instructors, who can then transfer these skills to future generations of engineers.

Notably, several US institutions have expressed willingness to offer training to Vietnamese trainers, a vital step towards creating a sustainable, locally driven semiconductor education ecosystem.

Finally, effective workforce development in the semiconductor industry requires government involvement in fostering a supportive ecosystem. Policies that incentivise partnerships between academia and industry, such as funding for research and development and joint training programmes, are critical.

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