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Vietnam pursues tougher growth goal

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Vietnam’s economic growth for 2025 goal has been officially changed, with the legislature and government expecting higher growth driven by all possible resources, especially facilitating private sector development.

Vietnam pursues tougher growth goal
The new economic growth goal would mean all possible resources gathered for implementation, photo Le Toan

Last week, the National Assembly (NA) passed a resolution on a supplemental initiative on socioeconomic development in 2025, with a prime goal being to reach an economic growth rate of 8 per cent upward (see box).

GDP in 2025 has to hit 8 per cent upward, contributing to creating a solid foundation for reaching double-digit growth as from 2026, according to the resolution.

This rate is higher than the Party Central Committee and NA’s target of 6.5-7 per cent, with efforts to be made to hit 7-7.5 per cent.

In the condition of Vietnam, one per cent of growth, based on last year’s GDP of $476.3 billion, will add about $38 billion to GDP this year (about $514.3 billion) and about 400,000 new jobs. This will also generate another 3.2 million new jobs this year if the economy grows 8 per cent.

The government has underlined some conditions for implementing 8 per cent GDP growth.

“There must be new thinking, new ways of doing things, and breakthroughs in institutions and solutions, along with thorough decentralisation and delegation of power. It is a must to complete the work of streamlining the apparatus organisation, making it more effective and efficient, without affecting the people and production and business activities of enterprises in the short term,” stated a governmental proposal to the NA.

According to the proposal, it is also strongly needed to promote the role of growth of dynamic regions, economic corridors, and growth poles. In particular, the regional GDP growth of localities in 2025 must be at least 8-10 per cent. Especially, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, potential localities, and large cities that are the key drivers of growth poles must strive for a growth rate higher than the national average. There must be appropriate incentive mechanisms for localities with high growth.

“It is necessary to renew traditional growth drivers being investment, consumption, and export, while strongly developing science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, and high-quality human resources to become an increasingly important impetus for boosting economic growth,” said the proposal. “If necessary, the NA allows the adjustment of the state budget deficit to about 4-4.5 per cent of GDP to mobilise resources for development investment. Public debt, government debt, and foreign debt may reach or exceed the warning threshold of about 5 per cent of GDP.”

Vietnam pursues tougher growth goal

Solutions advanced

The government has underlined various solutions to reach the new economic growth including institutional reforms, expansion of public investment, boosting consumption and services, and exports, among others.

Notably, the government has also laid a big focus on private investment and processing and manufacturing industries as a prime solution.

“We will focus on reforming administrative procedures, improving the investment and business environment, and creating all conditions to quickly resolve investment procedures and issues in investment and business activities, while encouraging investment from all economic sectors, especially large corporations, state-owned corporations, the private sector, large enterprises, with great impact and contribution to the economy,” stated a governmental report submitted to the NA last week.

According to a survey by the Japan External Trade Organization in 2024, Japanese enterprises assessed Vietnam’s administrative procedures as complicated, especially when it comes to fire prevention, environmental protection, and changing investment certificates.

Furthermore, this organisation said that in Vietnam, the legal system is “incomplete and enforcement lacks transparency, such as product import procedures, and business licenses and taxes”.

Under the European Chamber of Commerce in Vietnam’s Q4/2024 Business Confidence Index report released in January and reflects feedback from EuroCham Vietnam’s extensive network of 1,400 members across a diverse range of sectors, operational challenges continue to be a significant concern for European businesses in Vietnam.

As in previous surveys, the top three operational obstacles identified were administrative burdens, unclear regulations, and difficulties in obtaining licences and permits. The complexities of visa requirements for foreign workers and experts topped the list of administrative challenges, with 42 per cent of responses highlighting this as a primary concern. Tax-related issues, including VAT refunds, were also cited by 30 per cent of respondents, with further challenges related to import/export and investment registration procedures.

The government has announced that it will amend the Law on Investment according to the public-private partnership model, while “developing a mechanism to prioritise the formation and development of new productive forces, build mechanisms to strongly develop large-scale, national enterprises”.

Especially, the government will cut the ask-give mechanism and disconnected public investment, with the medium-term public investment plan from the central budget for the period 2026-2030 being for more than 3,000 projects.

Fuelling enterprise development

The government has set a target to develop a business community of 1.5 million enterprises in 2025 and two million by 2030. At present, about more than 900,000 enterprises are operating in Vietnam.

In 2024, there were more than 157,200 enterprises newly established, registered at $64.45 billion, with over one million employees registered for employment; and nearly 76,200 businesses resumed operations, raising the total number of enterprises of these two types to over 233,400 – up 7.1 per cent on-year.

However, the number of enterprises with halted performance in fixed time sat at nearly 100,100, up 12.4 per cent on-year. There were also nearly 76,200 businesses temporarily stopping operation and waiting for completing dissolution procedures, up 16.3 per cent on-year. In addition, more than 21,600 enterprises completed such procedures, up 20 per cent on-year. On average, each month saw nearly 16,500 enterprises withdrew from the market.

According to the World Bank, Vietnam’s manufacturing-led growth was enabled by the rapid expansion of infrastructure, especially connectivity and power supply. The rapid expansion of infrastructure and the growth of the manufacturing sector in Vietnam have been closely intertwined, contributing to the country’s economic development over the last 30 years. The expansion of transport, including roads, railways, and waterways, and power infrastructure has played a crucial role in facilitating the manufacturing and export-led growth.

However, energy and transport infrastructure needs could become a constraint to growth going forward. Vietnam’s trade and manufacturing-led growth has been both energy- and transport-intensive in energy.

The bank pointed out that recent power blackouts and growing road congestion are concrete manifestations of the emerging challenges.

“If not addressed, they risk becoming a constraint to future growth. Meeting the steep increase in energy demand will require doubling the existing installed capacity (78GW in 2021) every 10 years and expanding the associated transmission infrastructure,” the World Bank stressed.

It is estimated that investment requirements in power generation and grid infrastructure in this decade alone stand at $135 billion ($15 billion per year) including private (80 per cent) and public (20 per cent) investments.

To fuel domestic industrial production, the Ministry of Industry and Trade has set a target that in 2025, total domestically produced and import electricity volume this year must reach 347.5 billion kWh, up by 12.2 per cent as compared to the same period last year In which, the total power capacity, excluding rooftop solar power, will increase by about 6.2 per cent as compared to last year.

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ACCA event highlights technology’s role in sustainability practices

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The commitment of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) to supporting firms in their development was evidenced at a conference on technology’s role in applying sustainability practices that took place in Ho Chi Minh City on March 12.

The event presented key topics including international standards and technological solutions for carbon emissions’ management, environmental, social, and governance policy evaluation based on global standards, and the application of technology in optimising operational costs.

ACCA event highlights technology's role in sustainability practices
ACCA event highlights technology’s role in sustainability practices

The conference served as a platform for future-oriented businesses to share their successes and challenges while fostering collaboration among those committed to sustainability.

During the conference, Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia, delivered in-depth insights into ACCA’s role in supporting businesses in building sustainable development capabilities.

Citing 2024 trade figures, Varma noted that Vietnam’s import-export turnover maintained unprecedented levels over the past 40 years, supported by the enforcement of over 17 trade agreements.

Vietnam-EU trade exceeded $67 billion, with numerous domestic enterprises integrating into European and global supply chains.

“Implementing sustainability reporting is imperative for Vietnamese firms participating in global supply chains to comply with Europe’s mandatory sustainability disclosure regulations. The key challenge is how businesses can effectively implement sustainability reporting with existing resources while meeting international standards,” said Varma.

Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia speech at the conference. Photo: ACCA Vietnam
Ren Varma, head of Mainland Southeast Asia, ACCA. Photo: ACCA Vietnam

Representatives from various other organisations, such as VACPA, FPT, Unilever, HDBank, PwC, and the University of Economics in Ho Chi Minh City shared their experiences in leveraging technology for sustainability.

These real-world case studies enabled participants to gain practical insights into how best to apply technology to sustainable management, while understanding the essential competencies required for effective implementation.

At the event, experts reaffirmed their commitment to enhancing capabilities and professional expertise in achieving national sustainable development goals and the target of Net-Zero by 2050.

Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia with other speakers at the conference. Photo: ACCA Vietnam
Photo: ACCA Vietnam

ACCA pledged its continued support by launching the Professional Diploma in Sustainability (ProDipSust) across more than 180 countries, including Vietnam. This initiative aims to equip professionals with the necessary expertise to implement sustainable business practices.

ProDipSust not only provides in-depth knowledge on sustainability but also guides businesses on practical applications, from understanding international frameworks and regulations to strategic management, sustainability reporting, and assurance.

Recognised as a globally standardised knowledge framework, this diploma plays a crucial role in strengthening corporate sustainability governance, ensuring transparency, and complying with international standards.

Beyond offering training programmes, ACCA actively collaborates with leading organisations to drive sustainable development initiatives.

Beyond offering training activities, ACCA collaborates with major organisations to drive sustainability initiatives. In this seminar, ACCA Vietnam, in partnership with VACPA and PwC Vietnam, established a highly practical forum to help Vietnamese firms align with international standards and devise effective sustainability strategies.

Ren Varma underscored the critical role of finance and accounting professionals in advancing sustainable development, saying, “Financial expertise is not just about financial reporting, it plays a fundamental role in shaping sustainable strategies. Finance professionals are responsible for integrating sustainability initiatives into business models, accurately measuring their impact, and transparently communicating them to stakeholders. ACCA’s certification serves as a vital tool for businesses and individuals to enhance their expertise in this field.”

“With a strong commitment to fostering sustainability competencies, ACCA will continue to support businesses and financial professionals on their journey towards a responsible and sustainable economy,” he added.

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Ho Chi Minh City looks to develop potential of Saigon River

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Ho Chi Minh City has announced plans to develop infrastructure along the Saigon River towards the East Sea.

Ho Chi Minh City will lead toward the sea and along Saigon river

Ho Chi Minh City has announced plans to develop infrastructure along the Saigon River towards the East Sea.

Photo: Le Toan

Talking with VIR on March 4, Doan Manh Thang, director of water and resilience at Royal HaskoningDHV Vietnam, said the Saigon River has great potential but has not been exploited properly. The plan will map out a waterway from Cu Chi to the city centre.

Royal HaskoningDHV is the leader of a consortium that includes Boston Consulting Group, Roland Berger, the Ministry of Construction, and ACUD Consult that has been tasked with developing this plan which was approved by the prime minister on December 31, 2024.

The plan aims to develop Ho Chi Minh City into a hub of high-quality human resources, modern services, and advanced industries, pioneering in the green economy, the digital economy, and a digital society. It will also maintain its position as Vietnam’s leading centre for economy, finance, commerce, culture, education, and science and technology, with deep international integration.

“We can build service areas such as marinas and commercial centres along the river, alongside green spaces,” Thang said.

Moreover, a metro line from the city centre to Can Gio Island could act as the driving force for the city to reach double-digit growth, he confirmed.

Can Gio Port, meanwhile, is strategically located opposite Cai Mep-Thi Vai Port – the largest international port in Vietnam. However, it is only operating at 50 per cent capacity. The government has decided to upgrade Can Gio Port to become an international transit centre, with an estimated investment of $4 billion. The port is expected to handle 10 per cent of Vietnam’s imports and exports, of which 90 per cent will be international transshipment.

According to Phan Van Mai, newly appointed Chairman of the National Assembly’s Economic and Financial Committee and former Chairman of Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee, the city will strive for regional GDP growth of 8.5-9.0 per year until 2030.

“To effectively implement the plan, the city needs to mobilise resources, attract investment, develop human resources, and apply science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, and environmental protection,” Mai said.

Meanwhile, Thang said that the biggest bottleneck in implementing this plan is the lack of mechanisms to entice capital.

“Public investment is the seed capital to stimulate investment from other economic sectors. In fact, many investors are interested, but the mechanisms for investment must be more detailed,” he said.

A resolution issued in June 2023 grants special mechanisms for the development of Ho Chi Minh City. Meanwhile, in February 2025, the National Assembly issued another resolution for Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City to invest and develop metro systems. On that basis, Ho Chi Minh City will invest simultaneously and complete seven routes with a total length of 355km within 10 years.

“Initially, the state will have to spend money because it will be difficult to attract investment, but when it starts to take shape, private investors will be looking to spend money to build infrastructure. This would remove the bottleneck, but still requires appropriate policies,” Thang said.

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Ho Chi Minh City International Financial Centre to be built in Thu Thiem New Urban Area

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Thu Thiem New Urban Area on the Saigon River has been allocated as the site for Vietnam’s first International Financial Centre.

Ho Chi Minh City International Financial Centre to be built in Thu Thiem New Urban Area
Thu Thiem New Urban Area – the new financial and economic hub of Ho Chi Minh City. Photo: Le Toan

In total, 11 plots covering 9.2 hectares in the Number 1 Functional Area will be used for the project in Thu Duc city.

The location was reported to the local Department of Telecommunications on March 11 to set up a plan to develop telecommunications and digital infrastructure for the centre.

​​Thu Thiem New Urban Area was approved in 1996 covering 930 hectares on the east bank of the Saigon River and opposite District 1. When completed, the area will have a population of 200,000 people.

The area will be divided into a central core, a northern residential area, a residential area along Mai Chi Tho Avenue, an eastern residential area, and a southern zone.

On January 4, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh chaired a conference to announce an action plan to implement a regional and international financial centre in Ho Chi Minh City.

At the conference, PM Chinh said that Ho Chi Minh City is located at the head of Southeast Asia, making it convenient for trade and financial connections with major markets such as China, Japan, South Korea, and ASEAN. Building a financial centre there will help reduce costs and transaction times for traders.

To accelerate the project, early this year, Ho Chi Minh City established a steering committee for the construction and development of the centre with 29 members. The establishment of the international financial centre is expected to create a foundation for the future growth of Ho Chi Minh City. This is also an opportunity for the city to attract international investors and increase foreign investment in various sectors.

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