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Vietnam’s opportunities exponentially increasing

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Global management consultancy Boston Consulting Group in January issued a report discussing the global impacts of the latest US election. VIR’s Bich Ngoc talked with Aparna Bharadwaj, leader of the firm’s Global Advantage Practice, about the issue and what businesses in Vietnam need to do to strengthen the supply chain.

What are the key implications of tariffs and trade shifts for Vietnam and the broader ASEAN region?

Vietnam’s opportunities exponentially increasing
Aparna Bharadwaj, leader of the firm’s Global Advantage Practice

Vietnam and the world are at a critical crossroads. Rising geopolitical risks and historic trade uncertainty are reshaping the global economy. The first wave of US tariffs targeting China, and potentially Mexico and Canada, signals a broader shift under the “America First” trade policy. This new reality is forcing countries and businesses to adapt rapidly to an evolving economic and geopolitical landscape.

Against this backdrop, Vietnam is uniquely positioned as a key connector between geopolitical blocs. Even before the latest tariff announcements, Southeast Asia was on track for strong momentum – deepening ties with both China and the US.

By 2033, we projected ASEAN-China trade to grow by $558 billion, driven by increased bilateral investment and cooperation. At the same time, ASEAN-US trade is set to outpace global trade growth, expanding at +4.3 per cent annually over the next decade.

To sustain this momentum, Vietnam should consider continuing to attract multinational companies pursuing China+1, or more, strategies in their efforts to diversify supply chains and mitigate geopolitical risks.

Vietnam has emerged as one of ASEAN’s most dynamic economies, thanks to its competitive cost base, strong industrial capabilities, and strategic location. These macro shifts position Vietnam to capitalise on export-driven growth, investment-led development, and high-value job creation across critical sectors.

As Vietnam upgrades manufacturing capabilities, companies need to add more value in local production. Today, there is still dependence on China for components, machinery and others which can leave Vietnam vulnerable to tariffs. The solution is to upgrade manufacturing capabilities within Vietnam.

The next decade will define Vietnam’s role in the global economy. How can Vietnamese businesses and policymakers best position themselves to seize this moment?

The recent pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict kicked off a fundamental shift to focus on supply chain resilience, and the ongoing US-China trade conflict adds to the complexities of global dynamics among trade partners.

As non-aligned partners, Vietnam and Vietnamese businesses have stood out amidst these uncertainties with strong value proposition such as low cost of production, infrastructure maturity, trade/investment ecosystem, trained labour and favourable government policies and regulations.

The exponential growth of opportunities indicates that Vietnamese businesses must adapt their strategies and operations to regional and global competition. One key strategy is to think global – from diversification of its supply chains to other ASEAN neighbours and beyond, to prospecting buyers in new mature destinations or emerging markets.

For example, Vietnam is one of the few countries in Asia that has free trade deals with both the western and eastern parts of Europe. Businesses should take advantage of these, which provide preferential rules for exporting Vietnamese products, or gaining access to the markets via rules such as assurance in non-tariff measures, transparency in regulations and the minimisation/reduction in tariffs.

Another critical strategy is to think for tomorrow. Vietnamese companies should also allocate resources on upgrading their manufacturing capability towards embracing technological and sustainability evolution.

Companies that can respond, invest in, and adapt their capabilities in digitalisation and sustainable offerings will see rewards in improvements to efficiency, productivity and remain highly competitive in the evolving trade landscape. Investing in digital platforms, automation, and data-driven decision-making will help businesses adapt to changing market conditions.

How can ASEAN position itself to thrive amid increasing geopolitical tensions?

Southeast Asian countries and ASEAN have been able to balance competing global geopolitical dynamics. ASEAN is an attractive location for companies looking for a new base of operations to de-risk supply chains. It would be important to continue the efforts to maintain neutrality and combine it with an emphasis on multilateral mechanisms for regional powers and global partners to leverage it as a platform for dialogue and cooperation.

Southeast Asia has a range of supportive institutional and infrastructure policies in recent years to enhance the free flow of goods and services among member states. These include the ASEAN Economic Community Initiative, ASEAN Single Window, and ASEAN Free Trade Area.

Major trade agreements also now mean the region has competitive trade access with countries that together account for 40 per cent or more of global GDP.

ASEAN can allocate resources and political will to develop a robust connectivity infrastructure and to enable Southeast Asian countries to play a larger role in global supply chains, by creating effective and efficient connections from the world to Southeast Asia and vice versa.

Overall, ASEAN’s is on strong growth momentum economically, and analysts have forecasted the region’s economy to be the world’s fourth largest by 2030. This trajectory provides a promising foundation for socioeconomic uplift and local fundamentals as hubs for consumer demand.

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ACCA event highlights technology’s role in sustainability practices

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The commitment of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) to supporting firms in their development was evidenced at a conference on technology’s role in applying sustainability practices that took place in Ho Chi Minh City on March 12.

The event presented key topics including international standards and technological solutions for carbon emissions’ management, environmental, social, and governance policy evaluation based on global standards, and the application of technology in optimising operational costs.

ACCA event highlights technology's role in sustainability practices
ACCA event highlights technology’s role in sustainability practices

The conference served as a platform for future-oriented businesses to share their successes and challenges while fostering collaboration among those committed to sustainability.

During the conference, Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia, delivered in-depth insights into ACCA’s role in supporting businesses in building sustainable development capabilities.

Citing 2024 trade figures, Varma noted that Vietnam’s import-export turnover maintained unprecedented levels over the past 40 years, supported by the enforcement of over 17 trade agreements.

Vietnam-EU trade exceeded $67 billion, with numerous domestic enterprises integrating into European and global supply chains.

“Implementing sustainability reporting is imperative for Vietnamese firms participating in global supply chains to comply with Europe’s mandatory sustainability disclosure regulations. The key challenge is how businesses can effectively implement sustainability reporting with existing resources while meeting international standards,” said Varma.

Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia speech at the conference. Photo: ACCA Vietnam
Ren Varma, head of Mainland Southeast Asia, ACCA. Photo: ACCA Vietnam

Representatives from various other organisations, such as VACPA, FPT, Unilever, HDBank, PwC, and the University of Economics in Ho Chi Minh City shared their experiences in leveraging technology for sustainability.

These real-world case studies enabled participants to gain practical insights into how best to apply technology to sustainable management, while understanding the essential competencies required for effective implementation.

At the event, experts reaffirmed their commitment to enhancing capabilities and professional expertise in achieving national sustainable development goals and the target of Net-Zero by 2050.

Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia with other speakers at the conference. Photo: ACCA Vietnam
Photo: ACCA Vietnam

ACCA pledged its continued support by launching the Professional Diploma in Sustainability (ProDipSust) across more than 180 countries, including Vietnam. This initiative aims to equip professionals with the necessary expertise to implement sustainable business practices.

ProDipSust not only provides in-depth knowledge on sustainability but also guides businesses on practical applications, from understanding international frameworks and regulations to strategic management, sustainability reporting, and assurance.

Recognised as a globally standardised knowledge framework, this diploma plays a crucial role in strengthening corporate sustainability governance, ensuring transparency, and complying with international standards.

Beyond offering training programmes, ACCA actively collaborates with leading organisations to drive sustainable development initiatives.

Beyond offering training activities, ACCA collaborates with major organisations to drive sustainability initiatives. In this seminar, ACCA Vietnam, in partnership with VACPA and PwC Vietnam, established a highly practical forum to help Vietnamese firms align with international standards and devise effective sustainability strategies.

Ren Varma underscored the critical role of finance and accounting professionals in advancing sustainable development, saying, “Financial expertise is not just about financial reporting, it plays a fundamental role in shaping sustainable strategies. Finance professionals are responsible for integrating sustainability initiatives into business models, accurately measuring their impact, and transparently communicating them to stakeholders. ACCA’s certification serves as a vital tool for businesses and individuals to enhance their expertise in this field.”

“With a strong commitment to fostering sustainability competencies, ACCA will continue to support businesses and financial professionals on their journey towards a responsible and sustainable economy,” he added.

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Ho Chi Minh City looks to develop potential of Saigon River

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Ho Chi Minh City has announced plans to develop infrastructure along the Saigon River towards the East Sea.

Ho Chi Minh City will lead toward the sea and along Saigon river

Ho Chi Minh City has announced plans to develop infrastructure along the Saigon River towards the East Sea.

Photo: Le Toan

Talking with VIR on March 4, Doan Manh Thang, director of water and resilience at Royal HaskoningDHV Vietnam, said the Saigon River has great potential but has not been exploited properly. The plan will map out a waterway from Cu Chi to the city centre.

Royal HaskoningDHV is the leader of a consortium that includes Boston Consulting Group, Roland Berger, the Ministry of Construction, and ACUD Consult that has been tasked with developing this plan which was approved by the prime minister on December 31, 2024.

The plan aims to develop Ho Chi Minh City into a hub of high-quality human resources, modern services, and advanced industries, pioneering in the green economy, the digital economy, and a digital society. It will also maintain its position as Vietnam’s leading centre for economy, finance, commerce, culture, education, and science and technology, with deep international integration.

“We can build service areas such as marinas and commercial centres along the river, alongside green spaces,” Thang said.

Moreover, a metro line from the city centre to Can Gio Island could act as the driving force for the city to reach double-digit growth, he confirmed.

Can Gio Port, meanwhile, is strategically located opposite Cai Mep-Thi Vai Port – the largest international port in Vietnam. However, it is only operating at 50 per cent capacity. The government has decided to upgrade Can Gio Port to become an international transit centre, with an estimated investment of $4 billion. The port is expected to handle 10 per cent of Vietnam’s imports and exports, of which 90 per cent will be international transshipment.

According to Phan Van Mai, newly appointed Chairman of the National Assembly’s Economic and Financial Committee and former Chairman of Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee, the city will strive for regional GDP growth of 8.5-9.0 per year until 2030.

“To effectively implement the plan, the city needs to mobilise resources, attract investment, develop human resources, and apply science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, and environmental protection,” Mai said.

Meanwhile, Thang said that the biggest bottleneck in implementing this plan is the lack of mechanisms to entice capital.

“Public investment is the seed capital to stimulate investment from other economic sectors. In fact, many investors are interested, but the mechanisms for investment must be more detailed,” he said.

A resolution issued in June 2023 grants special mechanisms for the development of Ho Chi Minh City. Meanwhile, in February 2025, the National Assembly issued another resolution for Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City to invest and develop metro systems. On that basis, Ho Chi Minh City will invest simultaneously and complete seven routes with a total length of 355km within 10 years.

“Initially, the state will have to spend money because it will be difficult to attract investment, but when it starts to take shape, private investors will be looking to spend money to build infrastructure. This would remove the bottleneck, but still requires appropriate policies,” Thang said.

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Ho Chi Minh City International Financial Centre to be built in Thu Thiem New Urban Area

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Thu Thiem New Urban Area on the Saigon River has been allocated as the site for Vietnam’s first International Financial Centre.

Ho Chi Minh City International Financial Centre to be built in Thu Thiem New Urban Area
Thu Thiem New Urban Area – the new financial and economic hub of Ho Chi Minh City. Photo: Le Toan

In total, 11 plots covering 9.2 hectares in the Number 1 Functional Area will be used for the project in Thu Duc city.

The location was reported to the local Department of Telecommunications on March 11 to set up a plan to develop telecommunications and digital infrastructure for the centre.

​​Thu Thiem New Urban Area was approved in 1996 covering 930 hectares on the east bank of the Saigon River and opposite District 1. When completed, the area will have a population of 200,000 people.

The area will be divided into a central core, a northern residential area, a residential area along Mai Chi Tho Avenue, an eastern residential area, and a southern zone.

On January 4, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh chaired a conference to announce an action plan to implement a regional and international financial centre in Ho Chi Minh City.

At the conference, PM Chinh said that Ho Chi Minh City is located at the head of Southeast Asia, making it convenient for trade and financial connections with major markets such as China, Japan, South Korea, and ASEAN. Building a financial centre there will help reduce costs and transaction times for traders.

To accelerate the project, early this year, Ho Chi Minh City established a steering committee for the construction and development of the centre with 29 members. The establishment of the international financial centre is expected to create a foundation for the future growth of Ho Chi Minh City. This is also an opportunity for the city to attract international investors and increase foreign investment in various sectors.

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