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Localities roll up sleeves to spur investment progress

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The government will continue using public investment as one of the largest drivers of economic growth this year.

Last week, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh signed Directive No.05/CT-TTg on solutions to encourage economic growth and accelerate public investment spending, to help ensure the country’s meets its economic growth target of 8 per cent or more in 2025.

Localities roll up sleeves to spur investment progress
Localities roll up sleeves to spur investment progress

“A prime focus must be placed on effectively implementing the resolutions and conclusions of the Party Central Committee, Politburo, National Assembly, and government, while effectively encouraging new mechanisms and regulations to immediately unleash resources,” the directive said.

One of the prime solutions to achieving the growth goal is to “boost public investment disbursement which will lead, activate, and attract all social resources”.

Authorities at all levels have been ordered to boost disbursement of public investment capital, striving for a disbursement rate in 2025 to reach at least 95 per cent of the plan assigned.

The government last week requested that all efforts be made to complete at least 3,000km of expressways and over 1,000km of coastal roads at the end of 2025.

In 2025, construction must be completed for the $16 billion Long Thanh International Airport in the southern province of Dong Nai; and for ports in the Lach Huyen area in the northern port city of Haiphong.

Also, Terminal 3 at the Tan Son Nhat International Airport and Terminal 2 of the Noi Bai International must be put into operation, while construction of the Lien Chieu port in the central city of Danang must be started, and investment procedures for constructing the Can Gio international seaport in Ho Chi Minh City must be completed.

“Discipline and order in public investment disbursement must be strengthened, with sanctions applied strictly according to the law to organisations and individuals who deliberately cause difficulties, obstruct, and slow down the progress of capital allocation, implementation and disbursement of public investment,” Directive 05 read.

This year, the government will also push forward construction progress of many other infrastructure works, such as the North-South Expressway component projects in the east; Hanoi’s Ring Road 4; Ho Chi Minh City’s Ring Road 3, and various expressways and regional ports.

Furthermore, construction must be seen for a metro line or railway from the Long Thanh airport to the Tan Son Nhat airport; and an elevated railway line from Van Cao street to Lang Hoa Lac area in Hanoi.

Directive 05 is one of several documents released by the prime minister and government since early this year on speeding up public investment disbursement.

Growth driver

Total public investment for 2025 has been assigned by the National Assembly (NA) to be $36 billion, which is $3.37 billion higher than the initial plan. If this is disbursed effectively, it will help the economy hit its desired growth this year.

“Public investment as a fiscal stimulus measure should be prioritised because Vietnam still has fiscal room,” said Nguyen Ba Hung, principal country economist from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in Vietnam. “Accelerating public investment disbursement can create more jobs and incomes, and help engage private investments. This would accordingly help domestic businesses to increase investment and consumption.”

The former Ministry of Planning and Investment calculated by that a rise of 1 per cent in public investment disbursement corresponds to a 0.058 per cent increase in GDP growth. Moreover, every $1 of disbursed public investment capital stimulates $1.61 of investment capital from the non-state sector.

The Ministry of Finance (MoF) has been tasked by the government to urgently complete a plan to allocate sources of increased central budget revenue in 2024, and complete a plan on issuing government bonds to supplement resources for key projects in Q1 of 2025.

The MoF reported to the government that as of February 28, the public investment disbursement is estimated to have reached about $2.42 billion or 7.23 per cent of the plan assigned by the prime minister – still lower than 7.32 per cent in the same period last year.

Up to 27 ministries and central agencies had yet to disburse, and 26 ministries and localities achieved a rate of below 5 per cent.

As of late February, over $3.1 billion failed to be allocated in details, accounting for 9.42 per cent of the plan assigned by the prime minister.

According to a recent study by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), weak coordination between public investment and budget processes has resulted in slow and insufficient budget allocation. In recent years, it has been reported that central agencies received higher allocations than what they can initiate, while provinces received too little to meet their needs.

“The pressing challenge of the mismatch between allocated budgets and investment mandates often leads to inefficiencies and delays in implementation – funds may not be optimally directed towards identified priority areas, resulting in suboptimal resource utilisation,” the ADB said. “This limits progress and capital utilisation efficiency.”

Activity acceleration

On February 18, PM Chinh required authorities at all levels to urgently allocate in detail the entire state budget investment plan for 2025 in Q1 in accordance with regulations.

“If the budget fails to be completed by the end of Q1, the government will withdraw it to allocate to other projects that need capital to complete,” his telegram said.

The MoF also said that after March 31, it will report to the competent authority to reduce the state budget from weak performers, and transfer to ministries, central agencies, and localities that need to supplement the 2025 capital plan to arrange for important, urgent projects, strategic infrastructure projects with the ability to disburse.

Together with capital allocation, solutions to encourage disbursement were also highlighted by some localities.

“This year, Hanoi strives to disburse VND87 trillion ($3.48 billion) of planned capital, focusing on large transport infrastructure projects such as bridges and urban railways. Hanoi will also continue to review about 200 slow-paced projects,” said Tran Sy Thanh, Chairman of Hanoi People’s Committee, at a meeting between the government and localities’ leaders nearly two weeks ago.

Meanwhile, the northern city of Haiphong is also rolling up its sleeves to speed up the disbursement of public investment capital, including accelerating the implementation of the Lao Cai to Haiphong railway, which will pass through Hanoi. “Haiphong commits to contributing VND11 trillion ($440 million) to implement this initiative,” said Nguyen Van Tung, Chairman of Haiphong People’s Committee.

On February 19, the NA adopted a resolution on the investment policy of constructing this initiative, worth an initial $8.37 billion. The capital volume will be $6.23 billion for the 2026-2030, and $1.56 billion for 2031-2035. The investment capital will be nearly $16 million per km.

Meanwhile, Vo Tan Duc, Chairman of Dong Nai People’s Committee, said that the province’s public investment in 2025 is VND15.77 trillion ($630.8 million).

“We are making efforts in disbursement already, striving to disburse 95 per cent of the sum this year. We will prioritise the implementation of key projects, using public investment to pull in private funding,” Duc said at the meeting, referring to many key projects that Dong Nai has been trying to accelerate, such as the Long Thanh International Airport and Phuoc An port.

The ADB assessed that the government has implemented various policy measures to expedite public investment disbursement and enhance effective execution. These measures include many resolutions and directives focusing on different aspects of public investment disbursement.

Nguyen Van Thang, Minister of Finance

Localities roll up sleeves to spur investment progress

The government has boosted institutional reform, enhanced the investment and business environment; handled obstacles, and accelerated key infrastructure projects as well as new growth drivers.

In addition to these results, there have also been some difficulties. Growth momentum has not had a clear breakthrough. Competition pressure has increased in both export and domestic markets. The economy’s ability to absorb capital is still weak, while institutions and laws are still considerable bottlenecks.

Therefore, the Ministry of Finance has proposed some key activities. Regarding the management of fiscal and monetary policies to support growth, the ministry will submit the policies on exemption, reduction and extension of taxes, fees, and land rents before March 15.

It will also complete the plan to issue government bonds to supplement investment resources for key infrastructure projects in the first quarter; synthesise and monitor the public investment disbursement scenarios of each ministry, sector, and locality every quarter; remove obstacles for key projects; and submit the handling mechanism for authorities with slow disbursement.

The State Bank of Vietnam must resolutely implement solutions to reduce the lending interest rate, direct credit institutions to consider cutting down procedures and lending conditions, accelerate credit capital for projects and sectors that are driving forces of growth, and build credit packages for people under 35 years old to buy homes.

Other solutions involve developing the domestic market and stimulating tourism. The Ministry of Industry and Trade has to accelerate trade promotion, support businesses to effectively exploit free trade agreements, and speed up negotiations and sign new ones. It must take appropriate trade defence solutions, provide information, and support businesses in anti-dumping lawsuits.

Meanwhile, a duty-free port is being considered and built to enable Vietnam to become a major logistics centre and encourage the distribution of goods via digital platforms.

Additionally, it is necessary to call for private investment and foreign investment, encourage new growth drivers, and stabilise the macroeconomy as well as the major balances of the economy.

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Visa realignment considered towards more foreign visitors

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A more open visa policy for tourists, experts, and investors is part of the efforts to boost tourism demand and pull in foreign funding into Vietnam.

Several ministries have been instructed to study appropriate visa policies and diversify exemptions for some countries, with an added target of enticing the ultra-rich to spend more time in Vietnam, as part of a 2025 tourism stimulus programme issued in January.

At a regular government meeting on March 5, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh directed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to look at bilateral negotiations to expand visa exemptions and protection for Vietnamese citizens when travelling abroad, as well as to coordinates with authorities to simplify immigration procedures.

At the same time, the Ministry of Public Security, in particular the Vietnam Immigration Department and Department of Foreign Relations, are responsible for reviewing visas when entering the country.

The Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism is tasked with further promoting the nation, attracting tourists, and managing hotels, services, and tourist agencies.

Pham Ha, CEO of travel company Lux Group, said implementing visa exemption policies could open up opportunities to attract investment from the upper class, contributing to promoting economic growth and developing luxury tourism in Vietnam.

“The tourism industry needs to have a strategy and tactics, such as the possibility of completely waiving visas for strategic partner countries like Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. Countries that have been granted visa exemptions also need to encourage stronger bilateral relations, and design and develop specialised products, such as heritage exploration products of national culture and territories worldwide,” Ha said.

Many countries have implemented so-called golden visa programmes by simplifying policies for investors and foreigners with high demand as a way to encourage investment.

Last month, the New Zealand government decided to simplify its Active Investor visa to support the recovery of its declining economy. To meet the requirements, investors must commit to have a minimum investment amount of $3.1 million into businesses in the country.

Starting from April 1, the Active Investor Plus visa programme will be simplified with an expanded scope of investment. The English language test for applicants will be abolished, while the requirement for minimum residency time for investors will also be reduced.

Last month, US President Donald Trump also put forward the idea of selling a “gold card” to wealthy foreigners, giving them the right to live and work in the US and offering a path to citizenship in exchange for a $5 million fee.

Those who own a gold card would be granted legal residency privileges similar to the green card issued to permanent residents of the US, with investment options including buying a house, establishing a company, or making contributions.

From March 1, the Vietnamese government had already begun visa exemption for citizens of Poland, Czech Republic, and Switzerland, to join 13 other nations that already enjoy the advantage. The newest exemption will initially last until the end of the year through tour programmes from Vietnamese travel companies with a temporary stay of 45 days, regardless of passport type.

Pham Hai Quynh, director of the Asian Tourism Development Institute, evaluated that 2025’s tourism stimulus strategy combined with additional visa exemptions will attract more people from new markets and increase access to potential markets for Vietnam’s tourism industry.

“Tourists from Poland, Czech Republic, and Switzerland are willing to pay for high-end resort services, and unique cultural experiences with a strong local imprint. Therefore, opening up to these markets can create many opportunities for the development of tourism and services,” Quynh said. “The decision is a positive step by the government in attracting international tourists, especially from countries with high spending potential.”

According to Vu The Binh, chairman of the Vietnam Tourism Association, investors from developed countries are also interested in coming to Vietnam to explore the market, seek partners, and participate in economic conferences combined with leisure tourism.

“Thanks to convenient visa policies, the trade connection between Vietnamese and foreign businesses will become stronger. Furthermore, this policy will likely pave the way for Vietnamese tourism to access more markets across Europe,” Binh predicted.

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Vietnam ripe for ultra-rich tourism boost

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Vietnam is attempting to increase its allure to ultra-wealthy tourists in a way that would not only bring economic benefits, but also encourage a rise in service quality in the industry.

Vietnam ripe for ultra-rich tourism boost
Some localities are catering to well-off groups who come for sightseeing, relaxation, or lavish weddings, photo Le Toan

A month ago, two American millionaires from the financial sector, Jeff Grinspoon and John Thomas Foley, participated in a three-day, two-night tour of Halong Bay as part of an exclusive tour programme for the ultra-wealthy being promoted by the northeastern province of Quang Ninh.

On the first day, the pair enjoyed relaxation, dining, and entertainment on a cruise, kayaking around Cong Do and Tra San areas. On the second day, they visited the fishing village of Vung Vieng, explored the Tien Ong area, and kayaked on Ba Ham Lake.

On the final day of the journey, the guests admired the landscapes of Bai Tu Long Bay and Halong Bay before moving back to Tuan Chau Port to conclude the trip.

To cater to such travellers, Quang Ninh has prepared conditions to ensure their satisfaction, including expeditiously developing the beaches Soi Sim, Hang Co, and Trinh Nu as well as identifying seven pristine island areas and exclusive beaches for the super luxury segment.

At the same time, the province is focused on enhancing the tourism experience through connecting private cruise services to islands or helicopter transfers, and researching the holding of art performances combined with cocktail parties in well-equipped caves to create a unique experience.

Quang Ninh Department of Tourism understands that several wealthy groups from around the world will visit Halong on special tour programmes in May. In June, around 200 other wealthy people from various countries are expected to visit the destination as part of the Art for Climate Festival Halong.

According to Deputy Minister of Culture, Sports, and Tourism Ho An Phong, the global luxury tourism market reached over $2.18 trillion in 2024 and is forecasted to exceed $3 trillion by 2032. “Vietnam has one of the new seven natural wonders of the world, three UNESCO world natural heritage sites, 15 intangible cultural heritage sites, over 40,000 historical and scenic sites, a rich folk music tradition, and diverse cuisine. It has many advantages to develop luxury tour products,” Phong said.

One successful example is the Son Doong cave expedition in the central province of Quang Binh. Although the tour is expensive and has a limited number of guests, it is typically sold out as soon as bookings are opened, said DM Phong. “This is an opportunity for Vietnam to enhance its exploitation of the luxury market, a huge revenue source for Vietnamese tourism,” he added.

Prof. Pham Hong Long, head of the Tourism Department at Hanoi University of Social Sciences and Humanities, stated that to exploit the potential of high-end products, Vietnam’s tourism industry must focus on developing culture, cuisine, customisation, community, and content.

“Traditional cultural values need to be preserved and promoted, combined with modern experiences to create trips rich in identity,” Long said. “Investment in premium culinary experiences, service design based on each tourist’s individual needs, opportunities for tourists to immerse themselves in local life, and continuous innovation of new tourism products – ranging from golf and helicopter sightseeing to cruises and wellness – are necessary to meet the diverse demands.”

The Vietnamese tourism industry also needs to focus on infrastructure, improving services, and building policies to support businesses, he added.

“Airports, highways, and marinas need to be well-invested to ensure convenient connections between high-end destinations, and luxury resorts must meet international standards in terms of design, amenities, and services,” Long said. “At the same time, simplifying entry procedures will help luxury tourists easily choose Vietnam as a destination.”

Ngo Thi Huong, vice general director of Business and Marketing at Vinpearl, said that the high-end customer segment demands unique and personalised products.

“To attract high-end tourists, the tourism industry needs to build products related to healthcare, green tourism, and sustainable tourism. Depending on the target customer, tailored products are required. For instance, South Korean tourists who enjoy golf tourism need high-quality related products, supported by specific promotional policies,” Huong advised.

According to Vietravel chairman Nguyen Quoc Ky, trips taken by ultra-wealthy individuals are typically tightly controlled in terms of their personal information and schedules.

However, the impact of these trips still gradually spreads within the network of entrepreneurs and high-level relationships, opening up opportunities to welcome more guests from elite circles.

“An ordinary product can still become a high-end one if managed properly,” Ky said. “The perception of the customer will determine whether the product is considered high-end or low-end tourism. A hotel with 5-star facilities but an unprofessional staff and poor service will not be perceived as one by tourists.”

All Asia Vacation CEO Nguyen Duc Hanh said that travelling to Vietnam is becoming a trend among the ultra-wealthy. “Among individuals with total assets over $30 million, the company has served about 100 different clients travelling to Vietnam in 2024, a 12 per cent increase from the previous year,” Hanh said. “Many destinations around the world have become outdated for ultra-wealthy guests. Vietnam also has the advantage of being a relatively new tourist destination, so there is a demand for unique experiences here.”

According to World Ultra Wealth 2024, in the next five years, the global ultra-wealthy population is projected to increase by 38 per cent, reaching 587,600 individuals with a total wealth increase of $19 trillion.

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Green e-commerce in Vietnam still faces challenges

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The lack of regulations and businesses’ reluctance to engage in environmental protection efforts have made it difficult for Vietnam’s e-commerce sector to transition to a greener model.

Green e-commerce in Vietnam still faces challenges
Vietnam’s e-commerce market is projected to grow at an average annual rate of over 20 per cent between 2024 and 2030, reaching approximately 90 billion USD by 2030, according to VECOM. (Photo: tapchitaichinh.vn)

Hanoi – While the overall macro policies on environmental protection and sustainable development are creating favourable conditions for green e-commerce, the actual implementation of green transformation still faces numerous challenges.

One key obstacle is that policies have yet to link environmental protection requirements, according to the report on the E-commerce Green Index (ECGI), released by a research team from the Vietnam E-commerce Association (VECOM) and the World Wide Fund (WWF) Vietnam.

Legal documents related to e-commerce rarely include specific environmental protection regulations. Instead, they primarily focus on restricting the trade of certain prohibited or conditionally permitted goods and services.

Additionally, there is a lack of coordinated action among stakeholders, including Government agencies overseeing e-commerce, logistics, postal services, environmental management, businesses and consumers.

Most online businesses are not actively engaged in environmental protection efforts due to limited awareness, increased operational costs and the absence of clear legal regulations.

This situation also affects awareness-raising efforts for businesses and consumers in the green e-commerce sector, which remains fragmented and insufficient.

Roadmap for transformation

To address these challenges, the research team has introduced the ECGI framework, which sets out criteria and a roadmap for gradually transitioning toward greener e-commerce.

The framework is designed to help businesses quickly and comprehensively identify specific environmentally friendly actions. This, in turn, enhances their reputation and business efficiency, especially as consumers are increasingly prioritising brands that demonstrate environmental responsibility.

It is structured into six major criteria, comprising 19 sub-criteria. The first group is the commitment to deploy green e-commerce in a sustainable model. In this criterion, the research unit recommends that businesses make a clear commitment to green e-commerce businesses following a sustainable model.

The second is goods-related standards. This includes two sub-criteria, which are prohibiting the sale of environmental products banned by law and ensuring compliance with regulations governing restricted and conditionally permitted products.

The third group of criteria is order fulfilment services. It encompasses several sub-criteria, including avoiding the use of plastic packaging and materials prohibited by law, limiting the use of plastic packaging and other environmentally harmful materials in order fulfilment, prioritising eco-friendly packaging and managing warehouses and delivery operations sustainably.

It is essential to encourage and assist customers in reducing or eliminating the use of single-use plastics, promote low-carbon delivery options and facilitate consumer feedback on businesses’ environmental protection activities.

Following are internal green commitments. The research team proposed the need for environmental protection policies, energy saving and the integration of renewable energy sources into their operations.

The final group of criteria is researching and implementing green business models. This includes promoting circular economy practices, developing responsible business guidelines for consumer protection in e-commerce and adopting the Corporate Sustainability Index (CSI) for e-commerce enterprises.

Vietnam’s e-commerce market is projected to grow at an average annual rate of over 20 per cent between 2024 and 2030, reaching approximately 90 billion USD by 2030, according to VECOM.

While this growth brings economic benefits, it also exerts increasing pressure on the environment.

The rising volume of plastic waste from packaging and greenhouse gas emissions from delivery operations have surged alongside the sector’s rapid expansion. Addressing these environmental concerns is crucial to ensuring that Vietnam’s e-commerce industry develops sustainably.

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