In Vietnam, domestic companies are leading high-value transactions, and foreign investors are showing renewed interest, particularly in the healthcare and education sectors, write PwCVietnamanalysts.
The global M&A landscape saw a significant uptick at the higher end, with over 500 deals valued at more than $1 billion in 2024, up from 430 in 2023. Illustration courtesy of PwC.
Megadeal momentum returns to the market – but dealmakers will need to expect the unexpected.
Recent dealmaking momentum at the top end of the market suggests the upswing has already begun: the volume of deals greater than $1 billion in value increased by 17% in 2024, and their average value rose.
But we are also seeing some mixed signals as the number of small to mid-sized deals declined. There are also some potential wild cards which could disrupt the momentum.
PwC’s Global M&A Industry Trends: 2025 Outlook looks at three key wild cards which may influence M&A activity in 2025 and key factors underlying a growing deals imperative. The M&A landscape in Vietnam mirrors these global trends, with a focus on key industries experiencing a dynamic M&A environment.
How is the M&A market performing?
In 2024, deal values increased by 5%, largely driven by a rise in average deal size, despite a 17% drop in deal volumes due to ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty surrounding inflation and interest rates, which dampened M&A activity for smaller to mid-sized deals.
The M&A landscape saw a significant uptick at the higher end, with over 500 deals valued at more than $1 billion, up from 430 in 2023. Additionally, megadeals surged by 18%, with 72 deals worth over $5 billion announced in 2024, compared to 61 in the previous year.
81% of previously acquisitive CEOs plan to make another acquisition in the next three years. CEOs are optimistic about their M&A plans in 2025. According to PwC’s 28th Annual Global CEO Survey, 81% of CEOs who made a significant acquisition in the past three years plan to make one or more acquisitions in the next three years.
Health industries dealmakers gear up for a more favourable M&A environment
In 2025, portfolio gaps, supply chain issues, and policy direction are anticipated to drive M&A activity among health industry companies. Within the pharma and life sciences sectors, there is a focus on pursuing biotech deals to counteract impending patent cliffs and on divesting non-core assets as part ofportfolio optimization.
These companies are also exploring creative financing structures to support innovation. Meanwhile, private equity interest in medtech and digital health is on the rise, with expectations that exits of PE-backed companies will increase.
Additionally, recently spun-off or divested pure-play over-the-counter (OTC) and consumer health businesses are likely to pursue M&A to accelerate their own transformation plans.
The healthcare M&A landscape in Vietnam in 2025 is expected to be vibrant, driven by increasing demand for high-quality healthcare services and a rapidly expanding middle class. Private hospitals and specialty clinics, such as ophthalmology and oncology centers, will be primary drivers of M&A activity.
Continued growth and transformation in the education sector
The global M&A landscape in the education sector is evolving, with private equity investors driving 50-70% of investments. EdTech remains a major focus, especially in digitizing K-12 and higher education. Overall, the sector is poised for continued growth and transformation, driven by technological advancements and increasing demand for quality education.
In Vietnam, the government’s encouragement of foreign investment, with no limits on foreign-invested capital for educational institutions, is likely to attract more international investors. The M&A landscape in Vietnam’s education sector in 2025 will be dynamic, driven by government encouragement of foreign investment and growing demand for private education.
Strategic partnerships and investments in higher education and vocational training will enhance quality and infrastructure. Supportive government policies will create a favorable environment for both local and foreign investors, presenting numerous opportunities for M&A activities.
The M&A wild cards
Geopolitics and the ‘Trump effect’
Dealmakers and markets are still digesting the outcomes of the elections that took place in many countries during 2024 and the resulting changes to policy direction; in particular, the impact of the new Trump administration in the U.S.
The global M&A outlook explores the likely impact by sector of certain U.S. policy changes and executive orders on topics such as immigration, taxes, tariffs, deregulation and more. The broader geopolitical environment is also explored further in each of the industry perspectives which form part of the global M&A outlook series.
Long-term interest rates
Interest rate cuts in the second half of 2024 in many countries have supported the new M&A momentum. However, long-term rates are rising again, and the timing and extent of future rate cuts will depend on the strength of the local economy and whether inflation continues to cool leading to continuing uncertainty for dealmakers.
High valuations
In mid-January 2025, the forward price-to-earnings ratio for U.S. stocks (based on the S&P 500) was 22.87, compared with 13.67 for non-U.S. international stocks (based on the S&P International 700). Lower valuations in some countries and a strong U.S. dollar may lead to more cross-border deals.
The deals imperative grows stronger
A focus on growth and business transformation
With 53% of CEOs ‘extremely’ or ‘very’ confidentabout their company’s prospects for growth over the next three years (Source: PwC’s 28th Annual Global CEO Survey), this suggests they expect current or future planned actions will grow their company’s top line. In addition to acquisitions to drive growth, we expect divestitures, including large corporate spin-offs, to drive business transformation.
AI is acting as a catalyst for change attracting significant investment
Demand for AI has significantly boosted investment in digital infrastructure. Over the next five years, capital expenditures could reach $2 trillion for building new data centers. Additionally, the increasing energy demands to support AI are driving investments in power generation.
Private equity (PE) exit backlog grows
Almost half of the 29,000 portfolio companies worldwide have been on the books for over four years. Investor pressure on PE funds to return capital is growing.
For dealmakers, finding the path forward
To be successful, dealmakers will need to be prepared to answer some tough questions, including around the impact of AI, achieving returns in a market with high valuations and slowing growth, where opportunities exist for investors and the geopolitical implications of any deal being considered.
Ong Tiong Hooi, partner, transaction services leader, PwC Vietnam, commented: “As we enter 2025, the global M&A landscape is set for a significant recovery, driven by easing economic headwinds and strategic acquisitions. This trend is mirrored in Vietnam, where we see increased activity across various sectors. In Vietnam, domestic companies are leading high-value transactions, and foreign investors are showing renewed interest, particularly in the healthcare and education sectors.
“Navigating this dynamic market requires a deep understanding of industry trends and a strategic focus on value creation. Dealmakers must stay vigilant, monitoring valuations, interest rates, and geopolitical factors to seize emerging opportunities.”
The commitment of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) to supporting firms in their development was evidenced at a conference on technology’s role in applying sustainability practices that took place in Ho Chi Minh City on March 12.
The event presented key topics including international standards and technological solutions for carbon emissions’ management, environmental, social, and governance policy evaluation based on global standards, and the application of technology in optimising operational costs.
ACCA event highlights technology’s role in sustainability practices
The conference served as a platform for future-oriented businesses to share their successes and challenges while fostering collaboration among those committed to sustainability.
During the conference, Ren Varma, ACCA’s head of Mainland Southeast Asia, delivered in-depth insights into ACCA’s role in supporting businesses in building sustainable development capabilities.
Citing 2024 trade figures, Varma noted that Vietnam’s import-export turnover maintained unprecedented levels over the past 40 years, supported by the enforcement of over 17 trade agreements.
Vietnam-EU trade exceeded $67 billion, with numerous domestic enterprises integrating into European and global supply chains.
“Implementing sustainability reporting is imperative for Vietnamese firms participating in global supply chains to comply with Europe’s mandatory sustainability disclosure regulations. The key challenge is how businesses can effectively implement sustainability reporting with existing resources while meeting international standards,” said Varma.
Ren Varma, head of Mainland Southeast Asia, ACCA. Photo: ACCA Vietnam
Representatives from various other organisations, such as VACPA, FPT, Unilever, HDBank, PwC, and the University of Economics in Ho Chi Minh City shared their experiences in leveraging technology for sustainability.
These real-world case studies enabled participants to gain practical insights into how best to apply technology to sustainable management, while understanding the essential competencies required for effective implementation.
At the event, experts reaffirmed their commitment to enhancing capabilities and professional expertise in achieving national sustainable development goals and the target of Net-Zero by 2050.
Photo: ACCA Vietnam
ACCA pledged its continued support by launching the Professional Diploma in Sustainability (ProDipSust) across more than 180 countries, including Vietnam. This initiative aims to equip professionals with the necessary expertise to implement sustainable business practices.
ProDipSust not only provides in-depth knowledge on sustainability but also guides businesses on practical applications, from understanding international frameworks and regulations to strategic management, sustainability reporting, and assurance.
Recognised as a globally standardised knowledge framework, this diploma plays a crucial role in strengthening corporate sustainability governance, ensuring transparency, and complying with international standards.
Beyond offering training programmes, ACCA actively collaborates with leading organisations to drive sustainable development initiatives.
Beyond offering training activities, ACCA collaborates with major organisations to drive sustainability initiatives. In this seminar, ACCA Vietnam, in partnership with VACPA and PwC Vietnam, established a highly practical forum to help Vietnamese firms align with international standards and devise effective sustainability strategies.
Ren Varma underscored the critical role of finance and accounting professionals in advancing sustainable development, saying, “Financial expertise is not just about financial reporting, it plays a fundamental role in shaping sustainable strategies. Finance professionals are responsible for integrating sustainability initiatives into business models, accurately measuring their impact, and transparently communicating them to stakeholders. ACCA’s certification serves as a vital tool for businesses and individuals to enhance their expertise in this field.”
“With a strong commitment to fostering sustainability competencies, ACCA will continue to support businesses and financial professionals on their journey towards a responsible and sustainable economy,” he added.
Ho Chi Minh City has announced plans to develop infrastructure along the Saigon River towards the East Sea.
Ho Chi Minh City has announced plans to develop infrastructure along the Saigon River towards the East Sea.
Photo: Le Toan
Talking with VIR on March 4, Doan Manh Thang, director of water and resilience at Royal HaskoningDHV Vietnam, said the Saigon River has great potential but has not been exploited properly. The plan will map out a waterway from Cu Chi to the city centre.
Royal HaskoningDHV is the leader of a consortium that includes Boston Consulting Group, Roland Berger, the Ministry of Construction, and ACUD Consult that has been tasked with developing this plan which was approved by the prime minister on December 31, 2024.
The plan aims to develop Ho Chi Minh City into a hub of high-quality human resources, modern services, and advanced industries, pioneering in the green economy, the digital economy, and a digital society. It will also maintain its position as Vietnam’s leading centre for economy, finance, commerce, culture, education, and science and technology, with deep international integration.
“We can build service areas such as marinas and commercial centres along the river, alongside green spaces,” Thang said.
Moreover, a metro line from the city centre to Can Gio Island could act as the driving force for the city to reach double-digit growth, he confirmed.
Can Gio Port, meanwhile, is strategically located opposite Cai Mep-Thi Vai Port – the largest international port in Vietnam. However, it is only operating at 50 per cent capacity. The government has decided to upgrade Can Gio Port to become an international transit centre, with an estimated investment of $4 billion. The port is expected to handle 10 per cent of Vietnam’s imports and exports, of which 90 per cent will be international transshipment.
According to Phan Van Mai, newly appointed Chairman of the National Assembly’s Economic and Financial Committee and former Chairman of Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee, the city will strive for regional GDP growth of 8.5-9.0 per year until 2030.
“To effectively implement the plan, the city needs to mobilise resources, attract investment, develop human resources, and apply science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, and environmental protection,” Mai said.
Meanwhile, Thang said that the biggest bottleneck in implementing this plan is the lack of mechanisms to entice capital.
“Public investment is the seed capital to stimulate investment from other economic sectors. In fact, many investors are interested, but the mechanisms for investment must be more detailed,” he said.
A resolution issued in June 2023 grants special mechanisms for the development of Ho Chi Minh City. Meanwhile, in February 2025, the National Assembly issued another resolution for Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City to invest and develop metro systems. On that basis, Ho Chi Minh City will invest simultaneously and complete seven routes with a total length of 355km within 10 years.
“Initially, the state will have to spend money because it will be difficult to attract investment, but when it starts to take shape, private investors will be looking to spend money to build infrastructure. This would remove the bottleneck, but still requires appropriate policies,” Thang said.
Thu Thiem New Urban Area on the Saigon River has been allocated as the site for Vietnam’s first International Financial Centre.
Thu Thiem New Urban Area – the new financial and economic hub of Ho Chi Minh City. Photo: Le Toan
In total, 11 plots covering 9.2 hectares in the Number 1 Functional Area will be used for the project in Thu Duc city.
The location was reported to the local Department of Telecommunications on March 11 to set up a plan to develop telecommunications and digital infrastructure for the centre.
Thu Thiem New Urban Area was approved in 1996 covering 930 hectares on the east bank of the Saigon River and opposite District 1. When completed, the area will have a population of 200,000 people.
The area will be divided into a central core, a northern residential area, a residential area along Mai Chi Tho Avenue, an eastern residential area, and a southern zone.
On January 4, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh chaired a conference to announce an action plan to implement a regional and international financial centre in Ho Chi Minh City.
At the conference, PM Chinh said that Ho Chi Minh City is located at the head of Southeast Asia, making it convenient for trade and financial connections with major markets such as China, Japan, South Korea, and ASEAN. Building a financial centre there will help reduce costs and transaction times for traders.
To accelerate the project, early this year, Ho Chi Minh City established a steering committee for the construction and development of the centre with 29 members. The establishment of the international financial centre is expected to create a foundation for the future growth of Ho Chi Minh City. This is also an opportunity for the city to attract international investors and increase foreign investment in various sectors.